EPA's 7th Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey and Assessment

EPA's 7th Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey and Assessment (DWINSA) assesses the nation’s public water systems’ infrastructure needs over the next 20 years and is used to allocate Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF) grants, including Bipartisan Infrastructure Law funding, to states. The survey determined that drinking water systems will need $625 billion for pipe replacement, treatment plant upgrades, storage tanks, and other key assets to ensure the public health, security, and economic well-being of our cities, towns, and communities.

The 7^th DWINSA also estimates that that needs of existing tribal drinking water infrastructure exceed $4 billion over the next 20 years and the survey results are used to allocate funds for tribes under the Drinking Water Infrastructure Grant Tribal Set-Aside (DWIG-TSA). The survey is comprised of infrastructure needs that are DWIG-TSA eligible, and include the installation of new drinking water infrastructure and the rehabilitation, expansion, or replacement of existing infrastructure.

Lead Service Lines

In accordance with Section 1452(h) of the Safe Drinking Water Act, for the first time, the 7^th DWINSA included a survey on lead service lines.

The EPA recognized that states and communities continue to make progress on identifying lead services lines. To account for this rapidly developing data, the EPA provided states a one-time opportunity to adjust their reported service line data in Fall 2023. The updated information is used in distribution of DWSRF Bipartisan Infrastructure Law lead service line funding to states in 2024. Based on the updated data collected, the EPA projects a national total of 9.0 million lead services lines across the country.

Fact Sheet: One-time Update to the 7th DWINSA Lead Service Line Questionnaire (pdf) (226.58 KB, September 2023)
Fact Sheet: Updated 7th Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey & Assessment (pdf) (169.07 KB)

DWINSA Data and Dashboards

EPA’s 7th DWINSA results show that improvements are primarily needed in:

Distribution and transmission: $422.9 billion to replace or rehabilitate aging or deteriorating pipelines and appurtenances.
Treatment: $107 billion to construct, expand or rehabilitate infrastructure to reduce contamination.
Storage: $56.1 billion to construct, rehabilitate or cover water storage reservoirs.
Source: $25.2 billion to construct or rehabilitate intake structures and wells, or purchase water rights.

Data Download:

7th DWINSA Total Need (xlsx)
Updated 7th DWINSA State Level Service Lines (xlsx) (47.31 KB)
Updated 7th DWINSA System Level Service Lines (xlsx) (281.6 KB, May 2024)

The dashboard below allow users to further explore data from the 7^th DWINSA. Use the tabs at the top of the page to navigate between the 7th DWINSA data on States and Territories Need ($), Tribal Systems Need ($), and Service Line Material Types (#).

EPA's 7th Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey and Assessment

Lead Service Lines

DWINSA Data and Dashboards

The dashboard below allow users to further explore data from the 7th DWINSA. Use the tabs at the top of the page to navigate between the 7th DWINSA data on States and Territories Need ($), Tribal Systems Need ($), and Service Line Material Types (#).

The dashboard below allow users to further explore data from the 7^th DWINSA. Use the tabs at the top of the page to navigate between the 7th DWINSA data on States and Territories Need ($), Tribal Systems Need ($), and Service Line Material Types (#).