Superfund Sites in Reuse in Ohio
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Behr Dayton Thermal System Voc Plume
The Behr Dayton Thermal System VOC Plume Superfund site is in Dayton, Ohio. The site consists of a relatively large plume of contaminated groundwater that came from multiple industrial facilities. Beginning in 1936, on-site facility operations included vehicle air conditioning and engine cooling systems manufacturing as well as industrial laundry services. They also included chemical storage and repackaging, and molded urethane products manufacturing. These operations resulted in the contamination of groundwater beneath the site with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) – VOCs easily become vapors or gases. In 2006, Ohio EPA and U.S. EPA identified high levels of contaminated vapors in soils and homes above the groundwater plume. To address this, EPA oversaw the installation of vapor mitigation systems in over 250 homes. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2009. In 2018, a potentially responsible party began addressing the part of the groundwater plume with the highest VOC concentrations through an interim action overseen by EPA. It involves converting groundwater contaminants to vapor (air sparging) and extracting them from underground (soil vapor extraction).. Also in 2018, EPA issued a Proposed Plan to address the central portion of the groundwater plume. EPA then issued the site’s interim Record of Decision in 2019. In 2021, EPA entered into a legal agreement with two responsible parties to design this interim remedy. The interim cleanup will involve more air sparging and soil vapor extraction to treat groundwater in the core of the plume as well as more vapor intrusion monitoring, mitigation and maintenance. The site includes residential, commercial and industrial areas. It also includes several city parks.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 3 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 1,800 people and generated an estimated $506,596,722 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Bowers Landfill
The 12-acre Bowers Landfill Superfund site is in Circleville, Ohio. In 1958, a gravel quarry operated on site. The area later became a landfill. It accepted residential wastes. After 1968, unauthorized dumping of chemical and industrial wastes, appliances and used tires took place at the site. The dumping contaminated groundwater and the nearby Scioto River. In 1983, EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL). EPA worked closely with Ohio EPA and the potentially responsible parties on a cleanup that converted much of the site into wetlands. Cleanup activities included removal of contaminated waste, landfill capping and venting, and revegetation of the landfill surface. After cleanup, EPA put land use restrictions in place. EPA took the site off the NPL in 1997. The 7-acre wetland area in the Scioto River floodplain has helped protect the landfill cap by absorbing excess waters and slowly releasing them into the environment. The creation of wetlands along the Scioto River has also transformed the area into a haven for plants, birds, fish and animals. A local hunting group purchased the site in 2014. The group uses it for recreation, including hunting and fishing.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Chem-Dyne
The 21-acre Chem-Dyne Superfund site is in Hamilton, Ohio. From 1974 to 1979, the Chem-Dyne Corporation used the area to process and store chemical wastes. Materials handled included pesticides, waste oils and sludges. Over 30,000 drums and 300,000 gallons of bulk materials were on site when operations ended in 1980. These operations resulted in the uncontrolled releases of hazardous materials into soils and groundwater. Residents reported fish kills in the Great Miami River and on-site fires in the late 1970s. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1983. Cleanup involved demolishing all buildings on site, excavating and disposing of contaminated soil, and installing a protective cap and groundwater extraction-injection system. Cleanup is ongoing. The site is not in use. In early 2022, the city of Hamilton purchased the site property. The city plans to build a parking lot on site, as part of an expansion of an adjacent park and to utilize the on-site buildings for storage. Institutional controls will document restrictions on future use for the area.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Copley Square Plaza
The Copley Square Plaza Superfund site is in Copley Township, Ohio. It includes two commercial properties and an 86-acre area of groundwater contamination under commercial and residential properties. Several dry-cleaning businesses operated on site from the 1960s to 1994. Dry-cleaning chemicals contaminated groundwater at the site. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2005. Cleanup included connecting some properties to the municipal water supply, putting vapor intrusion mitigation systems in some homes to prevent collection of harmful chemical vapors, and injecting chemicals and microorganisms into groundwater to support the natural breakdown of contaminants. EPA continues to monitor shallow groundwater. Cleanup planning for the deeper aquifer is underway. Groundwater use restrictions prevent exposure to contamination. Businesses and homes above the groundwater contamination remain in use. The two commercial properties host a dentist’s office and an auto parts store.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 2 on-site businesses. These businesses generated an estimated $674,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Dover Chemical Corp.
The 60-acre Dover Chemical Corp. Superfund site is in Dover, Ohio. Since 1950, Dover Chemical Corporation (DCC) has had a manufacturing facility at the site. The facility produces components for lubricants, plasticizers and flame retardants for vinyl products. From the 1950s until the early 1970s, improper chemical storage, spills and leaks at the site contaminated soil and groundwater. EPA proposed listing the site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1993. EPA has not finalized the site’s listing on the NPL. The potentially responsible party leads the cleanup, with EPA and Ohio EPA oversight. Cleanup includes contaminated soil treatment and groundwater treatment, which is ongoing. Manufacturing operations remain active on site. Ecological uses at the site include a stream and small ponds. A pilot study work plan for in-situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) was approved by EPA in December 2022 to aid in the design of the groundwater treatment remedy, and the pilot study is being conducted in July 2023.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 2 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 180 people and generated an estimated $151,931,076 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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East Troy Contaminated Aquifer
The East Troy Contaminated Aquifer Superfund site is in Troy, Ohio, along the western bank of the Great Miami River. It includes a 20-square-block area. It extends from South Walnut Street to the northwest to Floral Avenue to the southeast, Canal Street and Scott Street to the southwest, and the river to the northeast. The site is an area where volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have contaminated groundwater, soil, and indoor air in some homes and businesses. In 2006, EPA found elevated levels of VOCs seeping into some buildings in the area. In 2007, EPA put vapor abatement systems in homes and an elementary school. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2008. EPA selected the site’s interim groundwater remedy in 2018. It includes treating the groundwater aquifer and removing contaminated soil. Current land uses at the site include commercial, industrial, residential and public service areas.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 3 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 10 people and generated an estimated $9,662,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Fields Brook
The Fields Brook Superfund site is a 6-square-mile watershed in Ashtabula, Ohio. Since 1940, about 19 facilities have operated in the Fields Brook watershed. Facility operations range from metal fabrication to chemical production. Facility operations resulted in the contamination of soil, sediment and surface water. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1983. Cleanup activities included the removal of contaminated sediment and floodplain soil from Fields Brook. Contaminated soil, sediment and waste was treated or contained in on-site and off-site landfills. Ongoing cleanup activities include monitoring of the brook, groundwater and free product extraction, and land use restrictions. Industrial operations remain active on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 4 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 69 people and generated an estimated $13,208,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Ford Rd Ind Ldfl
The 15-acre Ford Rd Ind Ldfl site is in Elyria, Ohio. The area was originally a ravine. A landfill operated on site from the early 1900s to the 1970s. It accepted municipal and various industrial wastes in drums and in bulk, which contaminated site soils, sediment, groundwater and surface water. EPA led cleanup at the site. Cleanup activities included waste removal from areas outside the landfill, consolidation of removed waste in the existing landfill, stabilization of the existing landfill cap, removal and off-site disposal of contaminated soil and sediment, and continued groundwater monitoring. Controls in place prevent development or disturbance of the landfill cap. Lorain County Metropolitan Parks District owns the site. Following cleanup, the site is now part of a greenway along the Black River. Recreational uses are planned for the future at the site. Potential projects could include trails and open spaces for outdoor activities such as walking, hiking, biking and bird watching.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Industrial Excess Landfill
The 30-acre Industrial Excess Landfill Superfund site is in Stark County, Ohio. Prior to 1966, sand and gravel mining operations took place at the site. From 1966 to 1980, the mining and excavation pits served as a landfill. The landfill received industrial wastes from nearby rubber industries, hospital wastes, septic tank wastes from cleaning firms, and general municipal wastes. In 1984, site investigations led by EPA identified contamination in groundwater. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in June 1986. To contain landfill contamination, cleanup included construction of a methane gas venting system and a vegetative cover over the landfill. Cleanup put in air strippers to remove contaminants from residential drinking water wells and connected 100 homes to the public water supply. Groundwater monitoring is ongoing. In 2004, the site’s potentially responsible parties (PRPs) planted almost 8,500 trees and shrubs at the site as part of the vegetative cover. In addition to providing a stable, protective soil covering, this fosters development of a diverse wildlife population. The PRPs also removed invasive species and installed kestrel nest boxes, bluebird boxes and bat boxes. Site stakeholders have discussed opportunities for recreational uses at the site in the future. The township’s plan proposes using the landfill area as a nature preserve with access and hiking trails.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Miami County Incinerator
The 65-acre Miami County Incinerator Superfund site is in Miami County, Ohio. In 1968, an incinerator and several landfills opened at the site. They handled municipal and industrial wastes. In 1978, the landfills closed. Site facilities converted into a solid waste transfer station. Improper waste disposal practices contaminated soil, sediment and groundwater. Groundwater contamination threatened the area’s sole source aquifer. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1984. The site’s potentially responsible parties (PRPs) connected affected homes to the public water supply in 1989 and 1990. The PRPs also put in an impermeable cap, a soil vapor extraction (SVE) system, and a groundwater extraction and treatment system. The SVE system operated until 2000. Groundwater extraction and treatment are ongoing. Miami County owns the site property. Several county facilities operate on site. In addition to the solid waste transfer station, the site hosts the county sheriff’s office, a minimum-security prison and a juvenile detention center.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 3 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 93 people. For additional information click here.
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Milford Contaminated Aquifer
The Milford Contaminated Aquifer Superfund site is in Milford, Ohio. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other chemical solvents were first detected in Milford municipal water supply wells in 1986. Ohio EPA led investigations from 1992 to 2009 to locate the source of the contamination. Ohio EPA found a possible source at or near the Baker Feed property. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2011. The cleanup, selected in 2022, includes treating groundwater, verifying homes and buildings in the area are connected to municipal water supply, and conducting more sampling. EPA also plans to install signs and fencing and reinforce land-use restrictions. EPA is working on the engineering design for the cleanup. Groundwater at the site is designated as a federal sole-source aquifer. It is used as a potable water supply by the city of Milford. Although VOCs are present in the raw water, the treated drinking water meets state and federal drinking water standards. It is anticipated that the groundwater will continue to be used as a drinking water source in the future. Uses on site include commercial and industrial businesses.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Peters Cartridge Factory
The 71-acre Peters Cartridge Factory Superfund site is in Kings Mills, Ohio. From 1887 to 1934, Peters Cartridge Factory made ammunition at the site. Remington Arms Company bought Peters Cartridge in 1934. Remington Arms Company continued to make shotshell and cartridge ammunition on site until 1944. The site was later divided into land parcels used by non-ammunition-related businesses. Metals from ammunition manufacturing contaminated surface soil and sediment at the site. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2012. Cleanup included replacing contaminated soil with clean fill and placing contaminated sediment and soil in a containment cell. An environmental covenant protects the remedy. It also prohibits use of groundwater at the site. EPA deleted the 14-acre Former Process Area of the site from the NPL in 2018. A brewery opened on site in October 2020. Development of a mixed-use residential and commercial project also recently finished in this area. Ohio EPA’s Voluntary Action Program oversaw the additional work to clean up the site to residential standards where needed. The project included the restoration and preservation of the factory’s historic exterior. Hamilton Township owns part of the site, which is being monitored. This area includes open space and a trailhead parking lot for the Little Miami River bike path.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 2 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 5 people and generated an estimated $522,340 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
For more information:
- Trailside Amenities, Mixed Uses and Historic Preservation: The Peters Cartridge Factory Superfund Site in Kings Mills, Ohio (PDF)
- Site Redevelopment Profile: Peters Cartridge Factory Superfund Site (PDF)
- Superfund Site Profile Page
- Video: EPA Superfund Redevelopment 20th Anniversary
South Dayton Dump & Landfill
The 80-acre South Dayton Dump & Landfill Superfund site is a former industrial landfill in Moraine, Ohio. From 1941 to 1996, the landfill accepted drums, metal turnings, fly ash, and other industrial and burned combustible wastes. These activities contaminated groundwater and soil. EPA proposed adding the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2004 but did not finalize the listing. EPA worked with the potentially responsible parties (PRPs) on site investigations and cleanup. In 2013, the PRPs put in vapor intrusion mitigation systems and demolished some site buildings. Vapor intrusion monitoring is ongoing. Commercial and industrial uses remain active on a 40-acre part of the landfill. One person lives in a trailer on a site parcel that also includes several commercial buildings. The Miami Conservancy District also owns a floodway on the southern part of the site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 7 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 57 people and generated an estimated $6,866,470 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
For more information:
- South Dayton Dump and Landfill, Moraine, OH - Situation Assessment (PDF)
- Superfund Site Profile Page
South Point Plant
The 610-acre South Point Plant Superfund site is in South Point, Ohio. From the 1940s until the late 1990s, manufacturing facilities at the site made explosives, industrial chemicals and fuels. Spills and waste handling practices contaminated groundwater and soils. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1984. Cleanup activities included excavation and off-site disposal of contaminated soil, capping of contaminated soil, and groundwater containment. Land and groundwater use restrictions were put in place. Through collaboration with the Lawrence Economic Development Corporation (LEDC) and local governments, EPA supported the site’s redevelopment. LEDC used an EPA Superfund Redevelopment Program (SRP) grant to evaluate ways to integrate potential reuse opportunities with cleanup considerations. The Point business park opened on site in 2001. In 2004, EPA issued the first Ready for Reuse Determination in the region for the site. Today, The Point hosts commercial and industrial businesses. Future plans for The Point include expanded facilities and an intermodal facility that will serve as a road, rail and river transportation resource. South Point Little League maintains and plays on baseball fields on the western part of the site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 26 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 606 people and generated an estimated $143,386,958 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
For more information:
- Reuse and the Benefit to Community: A Beneficial Effects Economic Case Study for the South Point Plant Superfund Site (PDF)
- Site Redevelopment Profile: South Point Plant Superfund Site (PDF)
- South Point Plant Ready for Reuse Determination (2004) (PDF)
- Cleanup and Industrial Revitalization in the Tri-State Region: The South Point Plant Superfund Site and Lawrence County, Ohio (PDF)
- South Point Plant Reuse Case Study (PDF)
- South Point Plant, South Point, OH - Reuse Plan (PDF)
- Superfund Site Profile Page
- South Point Plant: Ready for Reuse and Open for Business
TRW, Inc. (Minerva Plant)
The 135-acre TRW, Inc. (Minerva Plant) Superfund site is in a rural area in Minerva, Ohio. TRW, Inc. operated a manufacturing plant that made aircraft components on site until 1986, when the company sold the property to PCC Airfoils. Use of chemicals, waste handling and disposal practices contaminated soil, sediment and groundwater. Cleanup activities included removal of contaminated soil and sediment as well as groundwater treatment. Groundwater investigations are ongoing. Today, PCC Airfoils continues to own the site property. It makes parts for the aerospace industry on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 214 people and generated an estimated $204,013,333 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Valley Pike VOCs
The Valley Pike VOCs site is in Riverside, Ohio. The Mullins Tire and Rubber Company, now Mullins Rubber Products (MRP), began operating on site in 1942. MRP used volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to degrease metal parts. Facility operations led to VOC contamination in soil, groundwater and indoor air. The affected area includes a neighborhood of about 514 homes, churches and businesses. In January 2016, MRP agreed to take over the evaluation and mitigation of residential vapor intrusion from Ohio EPA and U.S. EPA and conduct a source removal action. U.S. EPA and MRP put vapor abatement mitigation systems in place for 95 affected homes. Evaluation of about 270 other structures is ongoing. Cleanup also removed about 1,211 pounds of VOCs from beneath the MRP building. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2016. In September 2019, MRP agreed to conduct a remedial investigation and feasibility study (RI/FS). MRP will submit a final work plan and sampling plan to EPA in summer 2023. Permanent well monitoring construction and more soil sampling is expected to begin in late 2023. MRP continues to operate its facility on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 50 people and generated an estimated $880,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Zanesville Well Field
The 28-acre Zanesville Well Field Superfund site is on the east and west banks of the Muskingum River in Zanesville, Ohio. From 1893 to 1991, manufacturing facilities operated on site. Waste handling and disposal practices resulted in groundwater, soil and debris contamination. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1983. Cleanup activities included groundwater extraction and treatment, soil vapor extraction, and soil removal. In 2008, a company purchased the site property on the west side of the river and demolished site buildings. In 2020, the city of Zanesville acquired the land. The land is in use for recreational purposes. Jaycee Riverside Park is on the eastern part of the site, on the east bank of the river.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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