Superfund Reuse Planning Support & Technical Assistance
Each year, EPA’s Superfund Redevelopment Program (SRP) provides reuse planning and technical assistance to EPA Regions in the form of “Regional Seeds” to support the productive reuse and redevelopment of Superfund sites.
The purpose of Regional Seeds is to provide EPA site teams stakeholders and communities with an initial “seed” of support and technical assistance to facilitate redevelopment, remove barriers to productive reuse, and ensure future use is well aligned with the cleanup and removal/remedial process. Sites may range from a single property to a much larger neighborhood or region, depending on the extent of contamination.
On this page:
Available Services
Technical assistance can include one or more of the following services. These can be structured as stand-alone, just-in-time services or as part of a longer-term redevelopment support process. EPA’s Regional Redevelopment Coordinator can assist in identifying a set of services that meets the needs of the site team and local community.
- Redevelopment Planning
- Community Engagement
- Interagency Facilitation and Coordination
- Renewable Energy Reuse Assessments
- Owner and Prospective Purchaser Assistance
- Title Searches, Appraisals and Desktop Surveys
- GIS Analysis and Maps
- Institutional Controls Research
- Ready for Reuse (RfR) Determinations
- Other Support
Redevelopment Planning
Includes land use research, analysis and community engagement to identify potential future uses, develop a reuse concept plan or evaluate future use compatibility with the remedy. Specific services include:
- Reuse Situation Assessment to document preliminary reuse goals, land use context, local initiatives, key stakeholder interests, reuse considerations and recommendations for additional reuse support.
- Reuse Assessment to identify reasonably anticipated future land use (RAFLU) (industrial/ commercial, residential, open space) for specific areas of the site to inform the remedial process.
- Reuse Plan that integrates community goals, site analysis, land use context and the remedy into a Future Use Framework (showing geographic-specific uses of the site) or Concept Plan (showing layout of potential future use features) to guide local planning, development and the remedial process.
For communities with potential environmental justice or equity concerns, services can be tailored to build capacity for nearby residents to participate in redevelopment planning and benefit from site redevelopment. Tools are available to help build shared understanding in situations of conflict, support community leaders in sharing their visions for reuse, and place community aspirations for reuse within the context of regional planning and investments.
The searchable table below contains various reuse planning reports. Use the search bar to search for case studies by proposed reuse and alternative energy types.
Reuse Reports
| Site Name | State | Region | Type of Report | Year | Reuse Keywords |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Callahan Mining Corp. | ME | 1 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2009 | recreational; ecological; alternative energy; hydroelectric |
| Nuclear Metals, Inc. | MA | 1 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2020 | residential; commercial; industrial; recreational; public service; ecological |
| Eagle Picher Carefree Battery | NM | 6 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2024 | Newberry Pond, economic development, NMED |
| Tar Creek (Ottawa County) | OK | 6 | Reuse Fact Sheet (PDF) | 2024 | solar; renewable energy; tribal |
| Iron King Mine - Humboldt Smelter | AZ | 9 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2020 | recreational; residential; ecological; commercial; public service |
| Multiple | Multiple | 7 | Cleanup and Redevelopment Guide to Lead Mining and Smelting Sites in Region 7 (PDF) | 2023 | residential; recreational; commercial; ecological; alternative energy; solar |
| Holcomb Creosote | NC | 4 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2024 | agricultural; residential; industrial; ecological; recreational |
| Drake Chemical | PA | 3 | Situation Assessment (PDF) | 2024 | |
| Barceloneta Landfill | PR | 2 | Reuse Fact Sheet (PDF) | 2024 | alternative energy; solar; recreational |
| Barceloneta Landfill | PR | 2 | Reuse Fact Sheet - Spanish (PDF) | 2024 | alternative energy; solar; recreational |
| Juncos Landfill | PR | 2 | Reuse Fact Sheet (PDF) | 2024 | alternative energy; solar |
| Juncos Landfill | PR | 2 | Reuse Fact Sheet - Spanish (PDF) | 2024 | alternative energy; solar |
| Maunabo Urbano Public Wells | PR | 2 | Reuse Fact Sheet (PDF) | 2024 | alternative energy; solar |
| Maunabo Urbano Public Wells | PR | 2 | Reuse Fact Sheet -Spanish (PDF) | 2024 | alternative energy; solar |
| Multiple | PR | 2 | Puerto Rico Sites Solar Incentives (PDF) | 2024 | alternative energy; solar |
| Multiple | PR | 2 | Puerto Rico Sites Solar Incentives - Spanish (PDF) | 2024 | alternative energy; solar |
| Vega Baja Solid Waste Disposal | PR | 2 | Reuse Fact Sheet (PDF) | 2024 | alternative energy; solar |
| Vega Baja Solid Waste Disposal | PR | 2 | Reuse Fact Sheet - Spanish (PDF) | 2024 | alternative energy; solar |
| Peterson/Puritan, Inc. | RI | 1 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2018 | recreational; ecological |
| Keddy Mill | ME | 1 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2018 | residential; commercial; industrial; recreational |
| Lower Neponset River | MA | 1 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2023 | ecological; recreational |
| Buckbee-Mears | NY | 2 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2012 | recreational; agricultural; commercial; industrial; public service |
| General Motors (Central Foundry Division) | NY | 2 | Reuse Framework (PDF) | 2011 | recreational; ecological; commercial; industrial; public service |
| Hudson River PCBs | NY | 2 | Adaptive Reuse Analysis (PDF) | 2005 | recreational; ecological; industrial; public service |
| Hudson River PCBs | NY | 2 | Fort Edward Overlay Analysis (PDF) | 2005 | recreational; public service |
| Jones & Laughlin Ore Company | NY | 2 | Reuse Framework (PDF) | 2017 | recreational; commercial; industrial; public service; alternative energy |
| Paradise Creek Industrial Corridor | VA | 3 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2013 | recreational; ecological; commercial; public service; residential; federal; military |
| BoRit Asbestos | PA | 3 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2009 | recreational; ecological; residential |
| Central Chemical (Hagerstown) | MD | 3 | Pilot Project (PDF) | 2003 | recreational; ecological; commercial; industrial; public service |
| Jackson Ceramix, Inc. | PA | 3 | Reuse Profile (PDF) | 2019 | recreational; commercial; industrial; public service |
| Hidden Lane Landfill | VA | 3 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2019 | recreational; agricultural; ecological; commercial; residential; alternative energy; solar |
| American Creosote Works, Inc. (Louisville) | MS | 4 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2015 | recreational; commercial; industrial; public service |
| American Creosote Works, Inc. (Pensacola) | FL | 4 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2010 | recreational; commercial; public service; residential |
| American Creosote Works, Inc. (Pensacola) | FL | 4 | Reuse Plan Update (PDF) | 2017 | recreational; commercial; industrial; public service; residential |
| Cabot/Koppers | FL | 4 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2011 | recreational; ecological; commercial; public service; residential |
| Camilla Wood Preserving Company | GA | 4 | Reuse Framework (PDF) | 2007 | recreational; ecological; public service |
| Cannon Drive Drum Site | GA | 4 | Situation Assessment (PDF) | 2007 | recreational; commercial; industrial; public service; residential |
| Fairfax St. Wood Treaters | FL | 4 | Reuse Framework (PDF) | 2013 | residential; commercial; public service |
| Gulf States Steel/Black Creek | AL | 4 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2010 | recreational; ecological; industrial; public service |
| North Birmingham Area | AL | 4 | North Birmingham Revitalization Action Plan (PDF) | 2015 | recreational; commercial; public service; residential |
| Jacksonville Area | FL | 4 | Jacksonville Integrated Planning Process (PDF) | 2015 | community involvement |
| Picayune Wood Treating Site | MS | 4 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2005 | recreational; ecological; commercial; public service |
| Picayune Wood Treating Site | MS | 4 | Reuse Framework (PDF) | 2014 | recreational; ecological; public service |
| Armco Incorporation - Hamilton Plant | OH | 5 | Situation Assessment (PDF) | 2007 | recreational; ecological; commercial; industrial; residential |
| Avanti | IN | 5 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2006 | recreational; ecological; public service |
| Behr Dayton Thermal System VOC Plume | OH | 5 | Reuse Framework (PDF) | 2011 | recreational; commercial; industrial; public service; residential |
| Burrows Sanitation | MI | 5 | Situation Assessment (PDF) | 2010 | recreational; ecological |
| Butterworth #2 Landfill | MI | 5 | Reuse Characterization (PDF) | 2008 | recreational; ecological; public service |
| Butterworth #2 Landfill | MI | 5 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2013 | recreational; public service; alternative energy; solar |
| Celotex Corporation | IL | 5 | Situation Assessment (PDF) | 2006 | recreational; industrial |
| Chem-Dyne | OH | 5 | Situation Assessment (PDF) | 2007 | recreational; industrial |
| Chem-Dyne | OH | 5 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2008 | recreational; industrial |
| Clare Water Supply | MI | 5 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2005 | recreational; industrial |
| Freeport Area | IL | 5 | CMC Heartland and Freeport Community Planning - Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2013 | residential |
| Depue/New Jersey Zinc/Mobil Chemical Corp. | IL | 5 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2004 | recreational; ecological; commercial; industrial; public service |
| Douglas Little League | IN | 5 | Situation Assessment (PDF) | 2007 | recreational |
| Douglas Little League | IN | 5 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2008 | recreational; public service |
| Eagle Zinc Co Div T L Diamond | IL | 5 | Reuse Framework (PDF) | 2006 | recreational; ecological; industrial; public service |
| Fadrowski Drum Disposal | WI | 5 | Situation Assessment (PDF) | 2011 | recreational; commercial; public service |
| G&H Landfill | MI | 5 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2007 | recreational; ecological |
| GM Stamping Plant | MI | 5 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2010 | commercial; industrial |
| Janeville Old Landfill | WI | 5 | Situation Assessment (PDF) | 2010 | recreational; ecological; industrial |
| Lammers Barrel Factory | OH | 5 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2010 | recreational; commercial; industrial; public service; residential |
| Organic Chemicals, Inc. | MI | 5 | Situation Assessment (PDF) | 2008 | industrial |
| Quincy Smelter at Torch Lake | MI | 5 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2011 | recreational; industrial; public service; federal |
| Rockwell International Corp. (Allegan Plant) | MI | 5 | Situation Assessment (PDF) | 2008 | recreational; commercial; industrial; public service; residential; alternative energy; solar |
| South Point Plant | OH | 5 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2003 | recreational; ecological; commercial; industrial; public service |
| South Dayton Dump & Landfill | OH | 5 | Situation Assessment (PDF) | 2011 | commercial; industrial |
| St. Louis River Site | MN | 5 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2017 | ecological; industrial |
| St. Regis Paper Co. | MN | 5 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2005 | recreational; agricultural; ecological; commercial; industrial; public service |
| Tar Lake | MI | 5 | Situation Assessment (PDF) | 2009 | alternative energy; biomass |
| Tar Lake | MI | 5 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2005 | recreational; agricultural; ecological; commercial; industrial; public service; residential;alternative energy; solar; wind; biomass |
| Twin Cities Air Force Reserve Base (Small Arms Range Landfill) | MN | 5 | Situation Assessment (PDF) | 2010 | recreational; public service; military |
| Velsicol Chemical Corp. (Michigan) | MI | 5 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2004 | recreational; commercial; public service; residential |
| Waste, Inc., Landfill | IN | 5 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2012 | recreational; public service |
| Agriculture Street Landfill | LA | 6 | Project Summary (PDF) | 2014 | industrial |
| Agriculture Street Landfill | LA | 6 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2014 | industrial; residential |
| Agriculture Street Landfill | LA | 6 | Reuse Assessment and Feasibility Study (PDF) | 2021 | alternative energy; solar |
| Agriculture Street Landfill | LA | 6 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2022 | alternative energy; solar; commercial; residential; recreational; ecological; industrial |
| American Creosote Works, Inc. (Winnfield Plant) | LA | 6 | Project Summary (PDF) | 2015 | commercial; industrial |
| Bandera Road Ground Water Plume | TX | 6 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2010 | residential; recreational; commercial; industrial |
| Eldorado Chemical Co., Inc. | TX | 6 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2020 | industrial; recreational; commercial |
| North Railroad Area Plume | NM | 6 | Action Plan for Revitalization (PDF) | 2022 | commercial; recreational; residential |
| Big River Mine Tailings / St. Joe Minerals Corp. | MO | 7 | Cleanup and Redevelopment Guide to Lead Mining and Smelting Sites | 2023 | commercial; alternative energy; recreation; residential; ecological |
| Caney Residential Yards | KS | 7 | Community Investment Prospectus (PDF) | 2023 | residential; industrial; commercial |
| Cherokee County | KS | 7 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2010 | agricultural; ecological; alternative energy; biomass |
| John Garland Park | KS | 7 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2011 | recreational; agricultural; renewable energy; solar; landfill gas; ecological |
| Lee Chemical | MO | 7 | Situation Assessment (PDF) | 2010 | industrial; commercial |
| Red Oak City Landfill | IA | 7 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2008 | ecological; recreational |
| East Helena Site | MT | 8 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2011 | ecological; recreational; commerical; industrial; residential; public service |
| Eureka Mills | UT | 8 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2003 | commercial; recreational; alternative energy; wind |
| Libby Asbestos Site & Libby Groundwater Contamination | MT | 8 | Reuse Planning Summary (PDF) | 2018 | industrial; recreational; commercial |
| Lincoln Park | CO | 8 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2016 | residential; recreational; industrial; ecological; alternative energy; solar |
| Nelson Tunnel/Commodore Waste Rock | CO | 8 | Situation Assessment (PDF) | 2019 | recreational; federal |
| Nelson Tunnel/Commodore Waste Rock | CO | 8 | Historic Structure Assessment (PDF) | 2021 | recreational; federal |
| Upper Tenmile Creek Mining Area | MT | 8 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2004 | recreational; federal |
| AMCO Chemical | CA | 9 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2010 | commercial; residential; public service; agricultural; industrial |
| Apache Powder Co. | AZ | 9 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2011 | industrial; alternative energy; solar |
| Carson River Mercury | NV | 9 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2023 | alternative energy; solar; geothermal; wind; commercial |
| Mountain View Mobile Home Estates | AZ | 9 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2009 | commercial; industrial |
| Bunker Hill Mining & Metallurgical Complex | ID | 10 | Reuse Framework (PDF) | 2019 | commercial; industrial; recreational; residential |
| Martin-Marietta Aluminum Co. | OR | 10 | Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2022 | industrial; commercial; alternative energy; solar |
| Seattle Municipal Landfill (Kent Highlands) & Midway Landfill | WA | 10 | Reuse Plan (PDF) | 2007 | residential; recreational; commercial |
| North Ridge Estates | OR | 10 | Phase II Planting Plans and Illustrations (PDF) | 2016 | ecological; recreational; residential |
| Old Navy Dump/Manchester Laboratory | WA | 10 | Solar Renewable Energy Reuse Assessment (PDF) | 2024 | alternative energy; solar |
Community Engagement
Support in designing an engagement process, conducting community outreach, developing a reuse steering committee, and facilitating public meetings, working groups, charrettes and open house forums.
Interagency Facilitation and Coordination
Design and facilitation of inter-agency workgroups and stakeholder meetings to resolve conflicts and align site reuse and the remedial process.
Renewable Energy Reuse Assessments
SRP and EPA regions have provided renewable energy assessment services at more than 40 sites nationwide. Renewable energy assessments and activities typically include one or more services listed below:
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Resource Screening - Through review of resource availability data provided by the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, resource screenings help identify the renewable energy sources best suited to a particular site. Typical resource screenings include evaluations of solar, wind, and biomass resources. The screening evaluations use readily available National Renewable Energy Lab’s resource mapping and screening tools.
- Site Suitability Analysis - Mapping and analysis of a site’s physical features, existing or planned remedial components, ownership, infrastructure, and surrounding land use considerations provides a next level of analysis.
Site suitability analysis typically includes an evaluation of the Site using several standard renewable energy reuse site selection criteria:
- Acreage (e.g., potential solar project footprint)
- Site slope and aspect
- Distance to transmission lines and substations
- Distance to graded roads
- Remedy compatibility and site operation and maintenance requirements
- Parcel configuration, ownership, and site control factors
- Preliminary Financial Assessment - The costs of construction, operation, and maintenance along with the revenue from selling electricity and available tax incentives are also key factors in determining whether a solar project may be feasible.
Solar energy financial assessments are a tool to help site owners and municipalities understand the financial impacts and limitations for a solar project size, ownership, and development options.
Examples of financial assessment activities include:
- Federal, state and utility-based incentives analysis
- Financial analysis to identify return on investment, using methods such as simple or lifecycle payback for a renewable energy investment at a site based on a site remedy or facility energy costs
- Renewable energy trends research
- Renewable energy lease information for landowners
- Facilitation and Stakeholder Coordination - SRP provides stakeholder coordination and facilitation services as part of regional seeds. This can include larger community engagement processes, as well as targeted stakeholder workgroup formation to assist in reuse planning for sites.
For renewable energy assessments, SRP has provided facilitation to bring together key stakeholders that may be involved in decisions regarding renewable energy evaluations and investments, such as:- EPA site teams and state agencies
- EPA’s Re-Power America program staff and technical assistance providers, National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
- Potentially Responsible Parties
- Municipal or tribal government staff
- Utility representatives
- Property owners
- Renewable energy developers or businesses
Owner and Prospective Purchaser Assistance
Support in leveraging redevelopment opportunities, including:
- Strategy and technical support to address considerations such as ownership, Bona Fide Prospective Purchaser (BFPP) liability protection, Superfund and windfall liens, and compatibility between any existing or future site restrictions and potential reuse.
- Prospective Purchaser Inquiry (PPI) support and discussion facilitation – including strategy development, PPI checklist, stakeholder coordination and meeting facilitation.
Title Searches, Appraisals and Desktop Surveys
Title searches for chain of title and encumbrance information. Appraisals of property “as impaired” to determine value of property with site restrictions as a starting point for settlement negotiations, and simple property surveys based on data available by desktop.
GIS Analysis and Maps
Develop map datasets of site boundaries, site features and remedial components; conduct analysis for individual or multiple sites to identify potential future uses and proximity to regional assets, or other data analysis and development specific to the site needs.
Institutional Controls Research
Property owner research, desktop surveys to identify legal descriptions, parcel mapping and analysis, technical writing, community engagement and education, and identifying institutional controls (ICs), alternatives to ICs and Institutional Control Implementation and Assurance Plans.
Ready for Reuse (RfR) Determinations
Develop an environmental status report that provides a technical determination that a site is “ready for reuse” and will remain protective for that use, so long as any use limitations established by EPA continue to be met.
Other Support
Superfund Redevelopment can tailor technical assistance to meet the needs of specific sites, EPA site teams, stakeholders and communities. Contact EPA’s Regional Redevelopment Coordinator for your area if you would like to request support.
Technical Assistance and Financing Programs
Communities have found technical assistance or financing to help implement their reuse plans. Some of these programs have been listed below.
- ATTRA Sustainable Agriculture Program
Funding opportunities and technical resources for farms, small businesses and communities.
- Federal Community Development Block Grants and State-Administered Community Development Block Grants
Annual grant programs to develop viable communities by providing decent housing and a suitable living environment and by expanding economic opportunities, principally for persons of low- and moderate-income.
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Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Department of Transportation (DOT) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Partnership for Sustainable Communities
A select listing of funding and technical assistance programs available from these federal agencies to support community efforts to promote livable and sustainable communities. -
Planning and Local Technical Assistance Programs
Economic Development Administration grants to support communities in their comprehensive, entrepreneurial and innovation-based economic development efforts.
- Smart Growth Implementation Assistance
Direct technical assistance in policy analysis or public participatory processes to assist communities encourage growth that fosters economic progress and environmental protection.
- American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) State and Local Fiscal Recovery Fund (SLFRF)
Provides funding for local governments whose communities have been negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, especially communities of color. Eligible activities include costs related to rehabilitation, renovation, and securing of vacant or abandoned properties; remediation of environmental hazards; demolition or deconstruction of vacant or abandoned buildings; greening of vacant lots; conversion of properties to affordable housing, and more. For a full list of eligible activities, see the Final Rule here.
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Brownfields Grant Funding and Technical Assistance
Provides direct funding for brownfield site assessment, cleanup, and job training, as well as technical assistance to support the safe reuse of brownfield sites.